Dupilumab (Dupixent) is a monoclonal antibody used to treat diseases related to T2 inflammation. More specifically, this biological drug targets chronic inflammatory/type 2 immune-mediated diseases, none of which are inherited, by blocking signals of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 (6). Some examples include atopic dermatitis (eczema), alopecia, asthma (3), etc. In a clinical trial, 80% of patients experienced a major reduction in eczema severity after using the drug (1). By targeting the proper cytokines, the medication can work to reduce the inflammatory response.

Dupilumab is an injection-based medication manufactured by two major companies, Regeneron and Sanofi (5). The long-term maintenance medication was first approved by the FDA on March 28th of 2017, for eczema, then later on October 19th of 2018, for moderate-to-severe asthma (3). In terms of eczema, the normal dosage for dupilumab would vary depending on the age of the patient as well as weight. An adult regimen would involve 300 mg biweekly. However, adolescent patients may be prescribed 200 to 300 mg every 2-4 weeks (2). Like many drugs, dupilumab has its side effects, including injection-site reactions and conjunctivitis.

As a monoclonal antibody, it falls under the IgG class of antibodies, specifically IgG4 (5). This class works by binding to the IL-4 receptor alpha subunit (IL-4Rα) and blocking IL-4 and IL-13 signals from triggering any unwanted inflammation and allergic reactions (4)(7). 

References

  1. Beck, L. A. et al (2014). Dupilumab treatment in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. The New England journal of medicine, 371(2), 130–139. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1314768 
  2. Dosage and Administration. DUPIXENT® (dupilumab) Dosage & Administration for Asthma. (n.d.). https://www.dupixenthcp.com/asthma/dosage-administration 
  3. Dupixent (dupilumab) FDA approval history. Drugs.com. (n.d.). https://www.drugs.com/history/dupixent.html 
  4. Gade A, Ghani H, Patel P, et al. (2024). Dupilumab. StatPearls [Internet]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK585114/ 
  5. National Center for Biotechnology Information (2025). PubChem Compound Summary for Dupilumab. Retrieved October 3, 2025 from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Dupilumab. 
  6. Muñoz-Bellido, F. J., Moreno, E., & Dávila, I. (2022). Dupilumab: A Review of Present Indications and Off-Label Uses. Journal of investigational allergology & clinical immunology, 32(2), 97–115. https://doi.org/10.18176/jiaci.0682 
  7. Seegräber, M., Srour, J., Walter, A., Knop, M., & Wollenberg, A. (2018). Dupilumab for treatment of atopic dermatitis. Expert review of clinical pharmacology, 11(5), 467–474. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512433.2018.1449642