The foundations of science encompass determinism, relativism, objectivity, parsimony, ethical neutrality, and empiricism. These principles prove valuable when examining cybersecurity from a social science perspective. Researchers undertaking cybersecurity studies should conscientiously adhere to these scientific principles. For instance, ethical neutrality requires scientists to uphold ethical standards, ensuring the integrity of their research. Similarly, objectivity mandates that researchers maintain a neutral stance devoid of personal opinions.

Relativism posits the interconnectedness of all things, while determinism asserts that preceding events influence behavior. In cybersecurity, determinism can guide the development of security measures based on patterns from past events and threats. It also aids in profiling perpetrators by analyzing previous cases. Empiricism emphasizes studying only behavior that is perceptible to the senses.

On the other hand, parsimony advocates for explanations in the simplest terms possible. When delving into cybersecurity, objectivity, and ethical standards are crucial due to the sensitive nature of cybersecurity information and its potential social ramifications. The application of determinism in cybersecurity contributes to formulating security measures and understanding the social implications associated with various aspects of cybersecurity.