One major concern is informed consent and data ownership. DNA carries deeply personal and permanent information—not just about one individual, but their family as well. Without clear and revisitable consent, using someone’s genetic data risks violating their privacy and autonomy. I believe individuals should have full control over how their genetic data is used, stored, and shared.

Another issue is the dual-use potential of this technology. For example, malicious code hidden in synthetic DNA could infect sequencing computers. While this discovery helps improve biosecurity, it also shows how research can be repurposed for harm. We need ethical oversight in scientific publication and research to balance innovation with responsibility.

Privacy and cybersecurity also present major ethical concerns. Unlike passwords, our DNA can’t be changed if compromised. Breaches of genetic databases could lead to blackmail, discrimination, or misuse by insurers and employers. Strong cybersecurity practices, encryption, and breach protocols should be mandatory for all institutions handling genetic data.

Lastly, there’s the risk of genetic discrimination. DNA data could be misused to deny insurance coverage or employment opportunities based on genetic predispositions. Laws like GINA (Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act) are a step in the right direction, but more global, enforceable protections are needed.