In the article, Reuters, “Mothers’ breastmilk supply may partly depend on genetics” (Reuters, 2025), researchers described how genetic differences may influence how much breastmilk mothers produce. The report gives light to a recent study published in Science Advances that analyzed mammary gland tissue from women categorized as having low, normal, or high milk production. The three genes that the scientists identified were GLP1R, PLIN4, and KLF10. These genes were expressed differently between groups. Also, these genes are involved in energy metabolism and hormonal signaling, suggesting that inherited differences in gene activity may partly explain variation in milk supply. The article also mentions that changes in milk quantity did not alter infant gut microbiomes significantly. This suggests that even partial breastfeeding still provides nutritional benefits.

This topic relates to genetics because it investigates how gene expression influences a physiological process, lactation, that has only been understood through hormonal and behavioral factors. By connecting variations in gene expression to differences in milk production, the article emphasizes the role of inherited genetic pathways in regulating complex biological functions. It shows how genetics can shape health outcomes and everyday human biology, linking molecular mechanisms to the maternal and infant well-being.

Looking at the scientific accuracy of the Reuters article, I reviewed the peer-reviewed scientific paper “Genetic and physiological factors affecting human milk production and composition” by Golan and Assaraf (2020). This review has summarized research showing that while certain genes do influence milk production and composition, genetics alone cannot predict lactation outcomes. Diet, environmental influences, maternal health, and hormonal control all play major roles in milk yield. Lactation results from the complex interaction of many genetic and physiological systems.

Comparing the two sources, the Reuters article is very accurate because it states that milk production “may partly depend on genetics,” which then reflects the evidence. The journalists avoid overstating and acknowledge that more research is needed. However, the article simplifies the discussion by focusing mainly on genetics. It does not go into detail about the strong hormonal and environmental context. Overall, Reuters does a good job at reporting early findings without exaggerating them and it also aligns with the broader thought process that genetics contribute to but does not really determine milk production.

References:

Lapid, N. (2025, September 12). Mothers’ breastmilk supply may partly depend on genetics. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/health-rounds-mothers-breastmilk-supply-may-partly-depend-genetics-2025-09-12/

Golan, Y. & Assaraf, Y.G. Genetic and physiological factors affecting human milk production and composition. Nutrients 12, 1500; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12051500 (2020).