1.  How can you tell if your computer is safe?

To assess the safety of your computer, you can consider the following indicators:

1. Updated Operating System: Ensure that your computer’s operating system (e.g., Windows, macOS, Linux) is up to date with the latest security patches. Regular updates often include fixes for known vulnerabilities.
2. Updated Software: Keep all your applications, including web browsers, antivirus software, and productivity tools, updated to their latest versions. Software updates often address security vulnerabilities and improve overall stability.
3. Active Antivirus/Antimalware Protection: Install a reputable antivirus or antimalware software and ensure it is active and up to date. Regularly scan your computer for malware and schedule automatic scans for ongoing protection.
4. Firewall Protection: Enable and configure a firewall on your computer to monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic. Firewalls act as a barrier between your computer and potential threats from the internet.
5. Secure Network Connections: Use encrypted Wi-Fi networks with strong passwords, especially when transmitting sensitive information. Avoid connecting to unsecured public Wi-Fi networks, as they can pose security risks.
6. Secure Web Browsing: Ensure that your web browser has built-in security features enabled, such as phishing protection and warnings for potentially harmful websites. Exercise caution when clicking on links, downloading files, and entering personal information online.
7. User Account Control (UAC): Enable User Account Control on your computer, which prompts for permission before making system changes or installing software. This helps prevent unauthorized or malicious actions.
8. Strong and Unique Passwords: Use strong, unique passwords for your computer’s user accounts, online accounts, and any sensitive applications or services. Avoid reusing passwords across multiple platforms.
9. Data Backup: Regularly back up your important files and data to an external storage device or cloud service. In the event of data loss due to hardware failure, malware, or other issues, having backups ensures you can recover your data.
10. Safe Downloads and Email Practices: Be cautious when downloading files or opening email attachments, especially from unknown or suspicious sources. Scan downloaded files with antivirus software before opening them.
11. Suspicious Activity Monitoring: Pay attention to any unusual computer behavior, such as unexpected crashes, slowdowns, or unusual network activity. Monitor your financial accounts and online profiles for any signs of unauthorized access or suspicious activity.

2. Describe three ways that computers have made the world safer and less safe.

Safer:

1. Improved Communication and Emergency Response: Computers and the internet have revolutionized communication, enabling real-time information sharing and collaboration. During emergencies, this connectivity allows for faster dissemination of critical information, facilitating efficient emergency response and potentially saving lives.
2. Enhanced Security Systems: Computers have contributed to the development of advanced security systems, such as surveillance cameras, access control systems, and biometric authentication. These technologies improve physical security in various settings, such as airports, banks, and public spaces, deterring crime and enhancing public safety.
3. Cybersecurity Advancements: The rise of computers has led to significant advancements in cybersecurity. This includes the development of firewalls, antivirus software, encryption techniques, and other security measures. These technologies help protect sensitive information, prevent unauthorized access, and mitigate the risks of cyber attacks.

Less Safe:

1. Cybercrime and Hacking: The increased dependence on computers and interconnected networks has provided opportunities for cybercriminals. Malicious actors exploit vulnerabilities to carry out cyber attacks, such as data breaches, ransomware attacks, identity theft, and financial fraud. These activities pose significant threats to individuals, organizations, and even critical infrastructure.
2. Privacy Concerns: The widespread use of computers and digital technologies has raised concerns about privacy. Personal data collected through various online platforms and digital interactions can be exploited, leading to privacy infringements, surveillance, data profiling, and potential abuse by both governments and private entities.
3. Spread of Misinformation and Cyberbullying: Computers and the internet have enabled the rapid dissemination of misinformation, fake news, and hate speech. Social media platforms, in particular, have amplified the reach and impact of such content. This can contribute to societal divisions, undermine trust, and have negative consequences on individuals’ mental well-being. Additionally, online platforms have facilitated cyberbullying, harassment, and online trolling, posing risks to individuals’ safety and emotional health.