1. How should we approach the development of cyber-policy and -infrastructure given the “short arm” of predictive knowledge?

The issue of cyber-policy (or IT policy) for both countries and public administrations has never been more pressing, especially since the practices specific to cyberattacks are diversifying and becoming harder and harder to counter.

Controlling new digital risks has therefore been integrated as a major issue in companies’ digital transformation and competitiveness strategies.

There are several forms of cyberattacks which tend to remove the digital-physical border and of which the following is a non-exhaustive list:

• Compromise of business emails is still an issue, although training is provided to employees to raise awareness of the dangers of suspicious emails and links. In this case, we speak of “phishing”, a process consisting in compromising a professional email address in order to take ownership of it in order to carry out fraudulent transactions with it.

• All computer systems such as servers must integrate regular updates to maintain their proper functioning. It is therefore through deliberately corrupted updates that it is possible to undermine an initially reliable and secure server.

2. How does cyber technology impact interactions between offenders and victims?

The effects of violence in the media are balanced, contained. The context of the description of violence takes precedence over intensity. The contents most at risk are those where the violence is presented as justified, where it is committed by an attractive protagonist, those which are rewarded, or not sanctioned, those which are trivialized, the victim not arousing empathy. The research puts forward a few hypotheses. Video games would have no more influence than television. The risk is increased if the subject is a boy, if he is a child, and therefore has no means of distinguishing good from evil. People with an aggressive predisposition, in search of strong sensations, are more exposed, entering a kind of vicious circle which reinforces their already violent tendencies.

Most researchers believe that violence in the media has few negative effects. On some individuals, however, it has a significant effect. The factors interact with real life experience. Risk groups, a minority, can be influenced by this violence, which is one of the risk factors, among others.

The fact remains that there is a strong positive correlation between the forms of violence, harassment and cyber-harassment and the attitudes of young people towards violence, to the point that we can think of establishing a probability of acting. Youth violence is not unequivocal.