The CIA Triad

The CIA Triad is a model that was made as a baseline for information security policies within organizations. CIA is an acronym that stands for Confidentiality, Integrity, Accessibility. Confidentiality can be defined as measures designed to stop unauthorized users from accessing sensitive information and/or data that an organization holds. Integrity is specifically known as the preservation of accurate, consistent data, and trust between organizations and consumers on holding and protecting said data from unauthorized personnel. Accessibility simply means that information should be able to be consistently and easily accessed by authorized parties. The CIA triad uses these concepts as an interconnected system. Examples of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Accessibility include Two Factor authentication, backup and recovery systems, and preventative measures like redundancy, failover, and RAID.

Authentication Vs. Authorization

The difference between Authentication and Authorization in short is Authentication is the process of verifying the identity of a user and authentication determines what that user can do when granted access.
They separate processes, However they are both equally imperative to providing security for applications and data.