One key concept I learned in this class that deepened my understanding of surgery is the role of signal transduction pathways in tissue healing. Before this course, I had a general understanding of wound healing, but studying G-protein coupled receptors and kinase signaling cascades helped me connect this knowledge to surgical recovery. Understanding these pathways has allowed me to see how molecular interactions regulate inflammation, cell migration, and tissue repair. This knowledge has been invaluable in my study of post-operative healing, where targeted therapies often influence cellular signaling to improve patient outcomes. It has also helped me analyze how disruptions in these pathways can lead to complications, such as chronic inflammation or impaired healing. Overall, this course has reinforced the importance of cell biology in understanding surgical recovery and has made me a more analytical student in my field.