Explain how the principles of science relate to cybersecurity.

• Relativism

This means that all things are related, and a change in one system leads to a change in other systems. This principle helps us to recognize that when societal systems change, it leads to changes in cybersecurity as well.

• Objectivity

This is the way that scientists study topics in a manner free from any bias. It is crucial that scientists make decisions and judgments based on facts and evidence rather than emotions. This is a vital way to study cybersecurity so that opinions do not skew their data and conclusions.

• Parsimony

This means that scientists should keep their levels of explanation as simple as possible. This is difficult but important to do in cybersecurity. The way humans behave may be complicated but we should strive to explain it in basic terms. Parsimony is also important when explaining security measures so as to not add confusion.

• Empiricism

This means that scientists should only study behavior that the five senses can measure or experience. It is important in cybersecurity, that scientists do not rely on opinions or hunches as that data cannot be proven. Rather, they should be focusing on empirical data such as trends, threats, and vulnerabilities.

• Skepticism

This is a mindset that scientists must have in which they have a critical mindset to new information and conclusions. This is important in cybersecurity as it ensures that thorough assessments were conducted and that the data collected is valid.

• Ethical Neutrality

This means that scientists must adhere to ethical standards when they conduct their research. In cybersecurity, scientists are constantly studying the way people behave; while doing this, they must protect the rights of individuals and practice moral standards.

• Determinism

This means that behavior is caused, determined, or influenced by preceding events. In cybersecurity, this is vital in tracing the crime to the criminal. This concept can be used in understanding who would have the motive to commit the crime and finding the group or individual.