SCADA stands for supervisory control and data acquisition. SCADA use ICS (industrial control systems), that’s used to control infrastructure processes(water treatment, wastewater treatment, gas pipelines, wind farms, etc,) facility-based processes (airports, ships, etc,) or industrial process(refining, power generation, etc). There are certain subsystems that are used in SCADA systems. There’s a supervisory system that gather all the required data about the process. The apparatus used by a human operator which has all the processed data presented to the operator. Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) connected to the sensors of the process that helps to convert the sensor signals to the digital data and send the data to supervisory stream. Also there is a Programmable Logic Controller (PLCs) that’s used as field devices. Lastly, there’s a Communication infrastructure that connects the Remote Terminal Units to supervisory system. Basically, a SCADA is a system that coordinates the processes in real time. However, there are some vulnerabilities that’s associated with SCADA systems. There are potential threats of cyberterrorism/cyberwarfare. Many people believe that SCADA networks are safe because they are secured physically and are disconnected from the Internet. In addition, SCADA systems also control physical processes like traffic lights, gas transportation, oil pipelines, and etc. There are two major threats. The first threat is potential unauthorized access to software or virus infections that can affect the control host machine. This can cause cost machines to go haywire and misbehave. The second threat is the packet access to network segments that host SCADA devices. There is less or no security on actual control protocol. This means any person that sense packets to SCADA device can control it. Many SCADA users infer that VPN is sufficient protection. However, the security can be bypassed. To address these problems, SCADA vendors are addressing these risks by developing specialized industrial VPN and firewall solutions for SCADA networks.