{"id":176,"date":"2026-05-03T09:26:04","date_gmt":"2026-05-03T09:26:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/?page_id=176"},"modified":"2026-05-04T00:46:29","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T00:46:29","slug":"account-management","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/account-management\/","title":{"rendered":"Account Management"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Step 1: I used the command, sudo groupadd -g GID GroupName, to create three groups, employee, payroll, and admin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"668\" height=\"490\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-309\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step1.png 668w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step1-300x220.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step1-192x141.png 192w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 668px) 100vw, 668px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2: Sophia account-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"602\" height=\"517\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-310\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step2.png 602w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step2-300x258.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step2-192x165.png 192w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 602px) 100vw, 602px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Olivia account-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"582\" height=\"511\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-311\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step3.png 582w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step3-300x263.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step3-192x169.png 192w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 582px) 100vw, 582px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Emma account-&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"545\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step4.png 545w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step4-292x300.png 292w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step4-187x192.png 187w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 545px) 100vw, 545px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"770\" height=\"620\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-313\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step5.png 770w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step5-300x242.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step5-768x618.png 768w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step5-192x155.png 192w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 4: I used the command, sudo mkdir \/home\/cyse_project, to create the directory, and sudo chgrp jkaur005 \/home\/cyse_project, to change the directory\u2019s group owner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"721\" height=\"403\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step6.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-314\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step6.png 721w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step6-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step6-192x107.png 192w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 721px) 100vw, 721px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 5: I used the command, sudo chmod 770 \/home\/cyse_project, to change the directory\u2019s permissions, and ls -ld \/home\/cyse_project, to check its new permissions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"837\" height=\"331\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step7.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-315\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step7.png 837w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step7-300x119.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step7-768x304.png 768w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step7-833x329.png 833w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step7-192x76.png 192w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 837px) 100vw, 837px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 6: I used the command, umask 027, in Sophia\u2019s account to change the permissions of new files or directories, then I used ls -l testfile, to check the permissions of the new file.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"662\" height=\"552\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-316\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step8.png 662w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step8-300x250.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step8-192x160.png 192w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 662px) 100vw, 662px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 7: I went into Vi editor to add my name to the Sophia_homework file, and used cat Sophia_homework to check the file\u2019s contents, and ls -l Sophia_homework to check permissions.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"686\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-317\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step9.png 686w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step9-300x146.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step9-192x93.png 192w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 686px) 100vw, 686px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 8: I used the command, cp Sophia_homework \/home\/cyse_project, to copy the file into the project directory. I should have used the command, ls -l \/home\/cyse_project, to check the file\u2019s permissions in the project directory, instead I accidently checked the file\u2019s permissions in the Sophia account.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"727\" height=\"497\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-318\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step10.png 727w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step10-300x205.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step10-192x131.png 192w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 727px) 100vw, 727px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 9: I used the command, cat Sophia_homework, in the Emma account to read the file, but I received a permission denied error.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"462\" height=\"248\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-319\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step11.png 462w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step11-300x161.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step11-192x103.png 192w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 462px) 100vw, 462px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 10: I used the command, exit, to leave Emma\u2019s account, and once again to leave Sophia\u2019s account.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1B: I used the command, sudo chmod g+s \/home\/cyse_project, to set the correct SGID group values to the directory.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"461\" height=\"156\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step12.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-320\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step12.png 461w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step12-300x102.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step12-192x65.png 192w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 461px) 100vw, 461px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2B-3B: I used the command, cp Sophia_homework \/home\/cyse_project\/Sophia_homework2, to copy the file into a new file in the project directory. Then I entered Emma\u2019s account, and used cat Sophia_homework2 to view the new file\u2019s contents.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"635\" height=\"528\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-321\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step13.png 635w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step13-300x249.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step13-192x160.png 192w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 1C: I used the command, sudo chmod g-s \/home\/cyse_project, to remove the SGID permission from the directory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"443\" height=\"117\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step14.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-322\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step14.png 443w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step14-300x79.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step14-192x51.png 192w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 443px) 100vw, 443px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Step 2C-3C: I used the command, cp Sophia_homework \/home\/cyse_project\/Sophia_homework3, to copy the file\u2019s contents into a new file in the directory. Then I switched to Olivia\u2019s account and used cat Sophia_homework3 to view the contents of the file, but permission was denied.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"630\" height=\"367\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step15.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step15.png 630w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step15-300x175.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41176\/2026\/05\/5step15-192x112.png 192w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 630px) 100vw, 630px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Step 1: I used the command, sudo groupadd -g GID GroupName, to create three groups, employee, payroll, and admin. Step 2: Sophia account- Olivia account- Emma account-&nbsp; Step 3: Step 4: I used the command, sudo mkdir \/home\/cyse_project, to create the directory, and sudo chgrp jkaur005 \/home\/cyse_project, to change the directory\u2019s group owner. Step 5: &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/account-management\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Account Management<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24635,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/176"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24635"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=176"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/176\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":324,"href":"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/176\/revisions\/324"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.wp.odu.edu\/jasprit-kaur-2-ids493spring2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=176"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}