A SCADA system captures and automates industrial process data using a combination of hardware and software. SCADA links sensors to onsite or remote servers so they can monitor equipment like motors, pumps, and valves. Equipment like Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) or Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) serve as local data collection points for acquiring sensor data while also triggering actions with the connected equipment. A SCADA system gathers sensor data from this collection hardware using a computer known as a “gateway.” Since the standard protocols used and the networked SCADAs can be accessed through the internet, the system is more vulnerable. SCADA systems can be made more secure by using security techniques and standard protocols. There are two main threats. The first is unauthorized access to the control host machine, whether it’s from human error or intentionally induced changes, viruses, or other problems. The second threat involves packet access to network segments with SCADA devices. Often, actual packet control protocols don’t have security, so anyone can send a packet to a SCADA device and control it. SCADA users think that VPN offers enough protection but aren’t aware that physical access to SCADA switches and jacks allows you to bypass the security on control software and control SCADA networks. One of the major efficiencies of SCADA is the ability to monitor and control systems in your facility from multiple locations. Depending on the configuration of the SCADA control system, the state of your production processes can be viewed from an operator workstation overlooking the physical facility, an HMI located directly beside machinery, or even from the home of an employee. SCADA can also be accessed without interacting directly with each event. Operators can, for example, designate the completion of certain actions when sensors detect abnormalities using logic-based rules. Does a plywood cutting machine’s rotating bit vibrate a lot? With SCADA software, you can shut down the machine right away, preventing further potential damage to materials or workers. The hybrid version of direct and automated control is often chosen by facilities. Operators can be alerted to abnormal behavior with rules. Then they can figure out what to do.




References

Metzger, P. (2021, December 1). What is a SCADA system and how does it work? OnLogic Blog.
Retrieved April 2, 2022, from
https://www.onlogic.com/company/io-hub/what-is-a-

scadasystem-and-how-does-it-work/
Systems, S. C. A. D. A. (2022). SCADA systems. SCADA Systems. Retrieved April 2, 2022, from
http://www.scadasystems.net