Article Review 1
Article Review on Integrated Model of Cybercrime Dynamics: A Comprehensive Framework for Understanding Offending and Victimization in the Digital Realm
This article presents an integrated model for understanding the dynamics of cybercrime, with a focus on both offending and victimization in the digital realm. Troy Smith, the author, uses criminology and social science principles to create a comprehensive framework for analyzing the complex factors that influence cybercrime and vulnerability to cyber victimization.
Research Questions and Hypotheses
The central research question driving this study is: How can we gain a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics that underpin both cyber-offending and cyber victimization? The author does not explicitly state hypotheses, but instead seeks to fill gaps in existing research by combining insights from various theoretical perspectives, such as routine activity theory, self-control theory, and the fraud triangle model.
Research Methods
This conceptual article does not use traditional empirical research methods (such as surveys and experiments). Instead, the author conducts an extensive literature review, synthesizing existing theory and research from various fields. The primary method is theoretical integration, which seeks to create a more comprehensive framework for understanding cybercrime dynamics.
Data and Analysis
Given the conceptual nature of this study, no primary data collection or statistical analysis is required. The “data” consists of existing theoretical frameworks and empirical findings from the literature on cybercrime, criminology, and other social sciences. The author’s analysis entails critically reviewing these previous works, identifying gaps and areas for integration, and logically developing the proposed integrated model.
Contributions to Society
This article makes a significant contribution to our understanding of cybercrime by going beyond single-factor explanations and providing a nuanced, multifaceted framework. The model, which incorporates insights from various social science theories, can help researchers, policymakers, and cybersecurity practitioners better understand the complex interplay of factors that drive both offending and victimization in the digital realm. This increased understanding can help to shape more effective, comprehensive cybercrime prevention, intervention, and mitigation strategies.
Conclusion
The integrated model of cybercrime dynamics makes a significant contribution to the field by providing a theoretically grounded, comprehensive framework for understanding the complex factors that influence both cyber-offending and cyber victimization. The model’s emphasis on integrating insights from various social science theories enables a more nuanced understanding of the interaction of offender motivations, victim vulnerabilities, and situational factors in the digital realm. This research has important implications for developing multifaceted strategies to combat the growing problem of cybercrime. Future research should empirically test and refine this model to improve its applicability in theory, policy, and practice.
Article Review 2
Article Review ^LN2 Original.docx
Kwabena Asumadu
11/17/2024
Article Review #2: The Electronic Contract Between Civil and Commercial Codes
Introduction: Topic and Relevance to Social Sciences
The article “The Electronic Contract in Civil and Commercial Codes” published in the International Journal of Cyber Criminology gives an overview of how well electronic contracts fit within the parameters of traditional laws. This topic has close connections with social science ideas, especially those about how the forms of social norms, legal systems, and human interactions change in the digital era. This research explores the way in which digital contracts transform traditional legal practice. It explains the interface between law, technology, and society. It shows how changes in technology affect social norms and the adherence to laws.
Research Questions and Hypotheses
The main research questions of the study was how do civil and commercial laws deal with the growth of electronic contracts? What legal problems and effects come from accepting digital agreements as valid under old legal systems? The article infers that today’s legal systems may not suffice to deal with the problems arising from electronic contracts. It therefore calls for new legislation that would recognize digital signatures and other forms of electronic authentication.
Data Collection and Analysis
Sources for this research are based mainly on the actual legal documents, including laws, rules, and cases. The author conducts an interpretative analysis of how different legal systems cope with electronic agreements. Main issues to be considered include the validity of digital signatures, data privacy concerns, and the thorny legal issues involved in international electronic contracts. Comparisons across the factors in different places find patterns and gaps in the legal systems that are responsive to improvement and change.
Impact on Marginalized Groups
A very relevant issue that arises from the study is how electronic contracts impact marginalized groups, particularly those that are not only digitally illiterate but also lack access to technology. The change to an e-agreement may, therefore, unwittingly exclude such groups from being able to participate in the digital economy, or expose them to easy exploitation based on a lack of understanding of rights and responsibilities in the digital world. Hence, the study insists on inclusive legal reforms that ensure digital contracts are protective and accessible to all people, regardless of their level of technological literacy.
Contributions to Society
The article provides us with an overview of how legal systems can be modified for the digital economy. The argument is that civil and commercial laws should be updated to include electronic contracts, thus improving legal certainty and protecting consumers in online transactions. This will be very instrumental in building a dependable digital marketplace, which will spur economic growth and contribute to digital change in all sectors of society. It is, therefore, useful in providing information to policymakers, legal experts, and businesses desiring to address challenges brought about by the digital world. The paper addresses legal issues arising in respect to electronic contracts.
Conclusion
In summary, the article deals with the legal impacts of electronic contracts in civil and commercial transactions. It connects traditional legal practices to the needs of a digital economy. The necessity to modify the laws is highly underscored so that e-contracts are recognized, enforceable, and accessible to all. This helps in building a more just and inclusive digital society.