- Chromosome 3
2&3. 1900 genes and 200 million base pairs.
4. SCLC1: Lung cancer.
5.These molecules control cells’ growth and division. Also, it helps to determine clues to find appropriate therapies.
Introduction to BLAST
6.Homo sapiens CFTR promoter region (LOC111674463) on chromosome 7.
7.A protein.
8.The CFTR encode protein mutates a gene and will lead to a recessive genetic disease called cystic fibrosis. The CFTR is a protein that acts as a chloride channel in the exocrine gland of several body systems which relates to salt absorption. It functions as crucial to the osmotic balance of mucus and viscosity.
9.Cystic fibrosis.
10.Chromosome 7
11.Pongo Abelii
12.Sumatran orangutan
13.No, it does not surprise me because I have read somewhere that orangutans are very similar to humans.
14.Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis clone CH254-399L10. Common name: Bolician squirrel monkey.
15.1/119 (0%)
16.A gap is one or more amino acid residues that have been deleted from the sequences. Also, it is an insertion in the second sequence. The number of gaps is limited.
17.Tardbp TAR DNA binding protein [Mus musculus (house mouse)]. A pathological protein. Related to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10, and Parkinson’s disease.
18.UBQLN2. A ubiquitin like-protein that shares a high degree related to products in yeast, rats, and frogs. They are associated with proteasomes and ubiquitin ligases which affect in vivo protein degradation.
19.FUS RNA binding protein. An encoded gene component with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex. This protein is implicated in cellular processes including regulation of gene expression, maintenance of genomic integrity, and mRNA processes.
20.SOD1 superoxide dismutase. An encoded protein binds to copper and zinc ions that are responsible for destroying free superoxide radicals. Also, it is a soluble cytoplasmic protein acting as a homodimer to convert naturally occur. It is harmful superoxide radicals to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. It contains an antimicrobial peptide antibacterial, and antifungal. Its mutation causes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
21.Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Common name: Lou Gehrig’s disease.
22.GenBank is the NIH genetic sequence database. The public uses it as an annotated collection of available DNA sequences.
Introduction to Swiss-Prot to study Protein Sequences.
23.cDNA stands for complementary DNA which copies an mRNA molecule produced by reverse transcriptase. It can use both DNA and RNA as a template. Citation #4. To obtain cDNA in a lab, the first step is to a prepared sample. Step 2 is to remove genomic DNA. Step 3 is select reverse transcriptase. Step 4 is to Prepare the reaction mix. Finally, perform cDNA synthesis.
24.HBB hemoglobin subunit beta [Homo sapiens(human)] exon 1, isolate 04593664.
25.An open reading frame is the span of the DNA sequence between the start and stops codon.
26.It stands for Methionine.
27.I think Frame 2 will be an open reading frame because it did not have amino acid M in that frame.
Amino Acid Sequence Comparisons.
28.Yes, I do
29.Sequence 1 has a -, and sequence 2 has an S. They have a lot of differences toward the end.
30.It is a member of the fibroblast growth factor receptor family related to an amino acid sequence that is highly conserved between members of divergent species. It plays a role in bone development and maintenance.
31.Skeletal dysplasia, and craniosynostosis.
32.I did not know that we have a tool such as NIH to look up similar genes.
References
Alignment Scoring, Gaps & Similarities. Proteinstructures. https://proteinstructures.com/sequence/sequence-alignment/
Hanseens, L., Duchateau, J., Casimir, G. CFTR Protein: Not Just a Chloride Channel? Cells 10, 2844 (2021).
5 Steps to Optimal cDNA Synthesis. ThermoFisher Scientific. https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/life-science/pcr/reverse-transcription/5steps-cDNA.html.
Winn, H. Molecular Genetics and the Development of Targets for Glioma Therapy. Science Direct.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/complementary-dna (2017).