Over the past two decades, technology has surged into businesses, communities, and the lives of individuals, altering the way that people communicate, study, work, and interact (Baer, 2010). People in various parts of the world can communicate in real timeon a variety of devices such as cell phones, tablets, or computers.  How technology affects a person’s behavior? Increased…

SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) systems are used to monitor and regulate infrastructure methods. SCADA systems are critical for manufacturing enterprises because they aid in maintaining performance, process data for improved decision-making, and relay information process failures to help reduce leisure time. There are numerous risks and practical steps available to safeguard SCADA systems….

Cryptography ensures the integrity of data using hashing algorithms and message digests. By providing codes and digital keys to ensure that what is received is genuine and from the intended sender, the receiver is assured that the data received has not been tampered with during transmission.  Cryptography is an information security tactic used to protect…

FIDO, which is an acronym that stands for “Fast ID Online”, is a set of open technical specifications for mechanisms of authenticating users to online services that are independent of passwords. These specifications were created and set forth by a non-profit organization named FIDO Alliance, founded in the year 2013. The goal of FIDO Alliance…

Cyber security frameworks are sets of documents describing guidelines, standards, and best practices designed for cyber security risk management. The frameworks exist to reduce an organization’s exposure to weaknesses and vulnerabilities that hackers and other cyber criminals may exploit. The 5 core activities of NIST’s Cybersecurity framework are Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, Recover. Identify is…

Many businesses in the United States have been putting resources—including people, technology, and budgets—into protecting themselves from information security and cybersecurity threats. As a result, they have become a more difficult target for malicious attacks from hackers and cyber criminals. Consequently, hackers and cyber criminals are now successfully focusing more of their unwanted attention on less secure businesses. As…

What is Hacking? The act of compromising digital devices and networks through unauthorized access to an account or computer system. Hacking is not always a malicious act, but it is most commonly associated with illegal activity and data theft by cyber criminals. Hacking refers to the misuse of devices like computers, smartphones, tablets, and networks to…