How do engineers make cyber networks safer?

There are many different engineering disciplines that come together to assist in improving and making cyber networks safer. The major one that I would like to focus on is the security engineer. Security engineers are responsible for designing systems that prevent intruders or hackers from gaining access to a network or system. Cyber networks are always at risk of being attacked due to the fast-changing nature of technology so security engineers must be ready to adapt. Some common responsibilities of security engineers include identifying system vulnerabilities, designing different security plans, conducting security assessments regularly, monitoring different network traffic patterns, responding to existing threats and intrusions, and planning different security upgrades for networks/systems. While security engineers mainly focus on the security aspect of things, they are not the only types of engineers that help with cyber networks. Cyber networks have expanded essentially to every industry. A few examples of different industries that utilize cyber networks include smart energy, agriculture, water and wastewater processing, and transportation systems. All of these different industries have had to shift some of their focus to protecting their networks and systems because they are part of different cyber networks. For example, agricultural engineers are responsible for conserving natural resources such as rivers and land. Many agricultural engineers have involved themselves with SCADA systems to help automate their processes. In order to make this safe, the engineers must also focus on implementing different security protocols to protect their systems. Some other engineering disciplines that are important to note would be software engineers and computer engineers. These two have a major role in the development of new software and computers that many of the other disciplines utilize. An engineers main role is to design and improve upon the existing data system or structure. All of these engineering disciplines have to take into consideration the importance of protecting the cyber network that interconnects all of them. By implementing the technologies and protocols of security engineers along with utilizing the new creations of the other disciplines, engineers attempt to protect their cyber networks.