Stuxnet: When a Worm Became a Weapon

This essay examines Stuxnet, one of the most sophisticated cyberweapons ever developed. The malware targeted Siemens SCADA systems controlling uranium enrichment centrifuges at Iran’s Natanz facility. By exploiting multiple zero-day vulnerabilities, using stolen certificates, and spreading through infected USB drives, Stuxnet demonstrated how cyberattacks can cause real-world physical damage to critical infrastructure.