Lab 2: Command line and navigating the operating system through commands

In this lab, I was introduced to the command line in Linux and navigation within it. I learned how to navigate through directories, create files, and run commands from an operating system without a graphical user interface.

One challenge I experienced was remembering the syntax for each command and accurately navigating the different directories. With practice using several commands like ls, cd, and pwd, I became more comfortable using the command line through the terminal. This lab has demonstrated to me the importance of using the command line when working on issues related to cybersecurity.

Lab 3: Learning the vi editor for creating and editing files

In this lab, I was introduced to the vi editor for creating and editing files in Linux. While editing files, I learned how to switch between insert and command mode.

I had difficulty remembering how to save and exit the vi editor, using commands like “:w,” “:q,” and “:wq”; with practice, I was able to remember these commands. This lab showed me how the system administrators can edit files from within the terminal without needing to use a graphical user interface.

Lab 4: User Accounts and Group Accounts

This lab had a focus on managing users and their corresponding groups within the Linux Operating System. I was shown how to create users and assign them to their respective groups as well as manage their access to system resources.

One challenge during this lab session was keeping track of individual user/group permissions and maintaining a correct record of the different user’s group memberships. After completing several practice exercises on Access Control Lists (ACLs), I was taught the significance of securely managing an individual’s use of the computer.

Lab 5: Password Cracking

This lab introduced me to password security and how secure password practice can make password hacking almost impossible. I used several freeware programs to see how password cracking is done, thus proving that weak passwords can be easily hacked.

One challenge I encountered was the configuration of the required tools used in this lab, as well as following the required steps that were laid out by the instructor. After successfully completing the lab, I was made aware of how important it is to use secure passwords to protect your resources from being accessed by others.

Lab 6: File Permissions

The focus of this lab was on managing File Permissions and how they dictate who can access certain files and/or directories. I learned several different commands to accomplish this, including, but not limited to, the use of “chmod” and “chown.”

I faced many challenges trying to understand the various permission codes as they relate to files and/or directories, as well as how to use the appropriate permissions within my practice files and/or directories. However, after I had completed this lab and I practiced using the proper permission codes, I became more proficient in my understanding of how permissions can protect a system’s resources.

Lab 7: Storage Management 

This lab helped me understand how to manage and control storage, disk partitioning, and file systems using Linux. I learned how a computer organizes and manages how data and file systems are stored on a computer.

One of the challenges I faced was being able to enter long commands without making an error. By ensuring that I paid attention to detail, I was able to successfully complete the laboratory. The laboratory helped me realize the importance of being able to manage storage efficiently and successfully.

Lab 8: Shell Scripting 

This lab introduced me to the basics of building a shell script, which enables an individual to automate tasks by writing a shell script using basic commands, loops, and variables.

One challenge I faced was debugging errors and learning how to use the correct syntax in a shell script. By practicing regularly, I developed the skills necessary to build a shell script. The lab demonstrated how much more productive an individual is when they use automation as opposed to doing everything manually.

Lab 9: Automating Tasks 

 In the lab, I learned how to schedule tasks through using the cron service to automate system processes.

I faced difficulty when trying to learn how to properly use the cron syntax and to determine how to schedule certain tasks. As I continued to practice, I felt comfortable with cron. The lab illustrated how using automation reduces the amount of manual labor that one must perform.

Lab 10: Basic Networking

This lab taught me some very basic networking concepts and also had me using basic Linux commands. I learned about using tools such as ping and ifconfig for networking.

I had a difficult time figuring out how networking terms worked and what the network outputs were telling me. By the time I was done, I became more comfortable with the terms and learned how to use the tools better. Overall, I feel like I developed a very solid foundational knowledge of basic networking.

Lab 11: Basic Network Configuration

In this lab, I learned how to configure network settings as well as troubleshoot network connections. In essence, I learned how systems communicate across the network.

I had a difficult time fixing configuration errors that caused problems within the network. I learned a lot about troubleshooting during this lab and gained a much better understanding of the functionality of a network. I also learned that proper network configuration is key for security.