Every day there are thousands of people working to maintain cyber functions. People such as network engineers work to maintain IP functionality, public and private network connectivity and many other things to maintain the internet we use everyday. Other types of engineers take up different tasks, an example would be devops engineers who work in cloud environments. This type of engineer works to configure cloud environments, implement security functions, and other broad functions in the environment. While there are many different types of engineers in cyberspace they all have many things in common, their primary functions are maintaining and securing whatever environment they are in to have a safe and efficient space for businesses and customers.

The topic of criminal justice encompasses broad topics in crime, law and criminal psychology. From its inception the subject of criminal justice has had to constantly evolve to keep up with crime and society. In the 21st century the types of crime are beginning to trend towards cybercrime, which is drastically different from crimes of the past. With this evolution there is more demand for professionals who understand how these crimes are committed and how to find the criminals themselves. There is also a need to create new laws and policy for these crimes to ensure proper punishment is given to these criminals and to also try to mitigate these types of attacks. With the trend towards cybercrime increasing there have been new disciplines that have been born from it as well. One such example would be digital forensics, this is a new topic based around using advanced technology to collect and protect information. Techniques to acquire deleted data off of hard drives, blood spatter analysis, and network tapping are all examples that would fall under digital forensics. Although this is a new discipline there are already a multitude of policies in place to maintain a chain of custody, integrity, and ensure that any evidence is collected and preserved properly.